Analysis on the classification characteristics and functions of vibration isolators

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2020-12-16 00:00


Vibration isolator is an elastic element that connects equipment and foundation, and is used to reduce and eliminate the vibration force transmitted from the equipment to the foundation and the vibration transmitted from the foundation to the equipment. It is used for the main engine, auxiliary machinery, various power machinery and instruments to avoid the influence of vibration, thereby reducing vibration, noise and preventing impact. Different vibration isolators have different functions.

 

1. Spring vibration isolator is one of the commonly used steel vibration isolators. There are spirals, saucers, rings, and disks. Its advantages are: high static pressure, low natural frequency, good low-frequency vibration isolation performance; can withstand oil and water erosion, temperature changes do not affect performance; it will not age and creep.

 

2. Metal rubber vibration isolator has great advantages because of its original material, because metal rubber is a simulation product of natural rubber. Metal rubber components are made of metal wires and do not contain any natural rubber, but have the same elasticity and porosity as natural rubber. They are especially suitable for high and low temperature, large temperature difference, high pressure, high vacuum, strong radiation, severe vibration and corrosion. Vibration reduction.

 

The inside is a network, similar to the macromolecular structure of natural rubber. Under the action of alternating stress and strain, it dissipates a large amount of vibration energy. The damping is significantly increased in the resonance zone, which can effectively suppress the resonance peak, and the damping is rapidly reduced in the vibration isolation zone, so it has excellent damping and vibration reduction characteristics, and the damping ratio is between 0.2 and 0.3.

 

3. Rubber vibration isolators are widely used because they are made of rubber, so they can be used in cutting, compression or shearing, but rarely in tension. Its advantage is: it can be made into various shapes and different hardness. The internal damping effect is greater than that of the steel spring, and the excitation frequency can be isolated to about 10 Hz.

 

4. Air cushion vibration isolators are generally rubber. When the vibration frequency is particularly low, its vibration isolation effect is better than that of steel springs. The natural frequency can be as low as 0.1~5 Hz. The damping is high at resonance and low at high frequencies. The disadvantages are: expensive, limited load, frequent inspections.

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